LATEST DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT METHODS IN LUNG DISEASES

LATEST DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT METHODS IN LUNG DISEASES

The diagnostic methods in lung diseases are explained as if u diagnose the disease as early as possible, the treatment will give results in the same manner. The most commonly used diagnostic measures in lung diseases are ultra sound, CT scan,bronchoscopyetc. These were helpfull in diagnosing the disease as in the early stages.

BRONCHOSCOPE

It is a simpler method. In this a small tube is inserted into the pulmonary cavity via mouth or nostrils and visualises the entire pulmonary cavity.. this treatment is based on fibre optic technology. This will not only helps in visualising the internal parts but also helps in collecting specimen for biopsy,collection of fluids... and also in collection of tissues for culture and sensitivity tests.. the latest form of bronchoscopy ie,endo bronchial ultra sound not only usefull as a diagnostic method but also it is use full in treatment too in removing small tumours and so on.it is also used as a carrier to apply medicines to particular lung portions.

THORACOSCOPY

Pleura is the covering which protects the lungs. Thoracoscopy is helpfull in visualisation and collecting specimens from pleura and adjacent parts in cases of diseases to the pleural cavity and associated structures. A small incision is made in between the ribs and and a tube is inserted and can be able to detaily visualise the thorasic cavity with the help of a light source attached to it.

MEDIASTINOSCOPY

Mediastinum is the place in betwen the right and left lungs. Te heart , oesophagus and cetain blood vessels occupy this region.this mehod is helpfull in collecting specimens,takin tissues etcin the cases of lung cancer,rheumatic disease etc.. in this  a small incision is made on the chest and a small tube is inserted into the media stinal region.

PET SCAN

PET scan or Positron Emission Tomography is usefull in identify very minute tumours even in the early stages. It is based on the glucose absorbtion changes by the tissues.

PULMONARY ANGIOGRAPHY

Pulmonary angiography is helpfull in identifying the blockages to the pulmonary blood vessels.mostly the thrombus from the blood vessels of legs,and hips reach the pulmonary vessels and cause stoppage of blood supply. In this method certain catheters are inserted through the femoral veins and the blocked portions are identified. This diagnostic measure is mostly used in the cath labs

DLCO

DLCO is used to identify the changes in  rate of exchange of carbon di oxide and oxygen in the  alveoli. This test is done by  mixture of gases along with carbon monoxide is given and respiration is performed in a specialised device